天津小学生英语目的状语从句so that,in order that用法详解

「为了……」用英语怎么说？本文详解so that、in order that引导的目的状语从句，以及它们与不定式to do的替换方法。

表达”目的是……”的重要性

“I study hard. I want to get good grades.”——孩子经常这样表达”目的”。

但如果学会目的状语从句，表达就更简洁高级了：

I study hard so that I can get good grades. 我努力学习，为的是取得好成绩。

目的状语从句是连接”行动”和”目标”的关键语法工具。在天津小学五、六年级的英语教学中，目的状语从句是阅读理解和写作中经常出现的内容。掌握了它，孩子们的英语表达就会变得更有层次。

一、so that——最常用的目的状语从句

基本结构

主句 + so that + 从句（含情态动词）

I get up early so that I can catch the bus. 我早起，以便能赶上公交车。

She studies hard so that she can pass the exam. 她努力学习，以便能通过考试。

He speaks slowly so that everyone can understand him. 他慢慢说话，以便每个人都能听懂。

两个关键特点

特点一：从句中通常有情态动词

• so that从句中常常用can/could/may/might/will/would

• 一般现在时语境用can/will

• 一般过去时语境用could/would

Mom gives me a map so that I can find the way.（现在） Mom gave me a map so that I could find the way.（过去）

特点二：位置灵活

so that引导的从句可以放在句尾（最常见），也可以放在句首（较正式）。

So that everyone can hear, she speaks loudly. 为了让每个人都能听到，她大声说话。

二、in order that——更正式的表达

基本结构

主句 + in order that + 从句（含情态动词）

in order that和so that意思完全相同，但in order that更正式，多用于书面语。

He left early in order that he could arrive on time. 他早早出发，以便能准时到达。

We must save water in order that future generations can have enough. 我们必须节约用水，以便子孙后代有足够的水用。

so that vs in order that——何时用哪个？

一句话总结：日常用so that，写作用in order that替换也无妨。

三、so that vs so…that——千万别弄混

这是天津小学英语考试中逢考必出的分辨题。

对比记忆：

I got up early so that I could catch the bus.（目的——为了赶上） 我早起是为了赶上公交车。

I got up so early that I was the first one at school.（结果——结果第一个到校） 我起得那么早，结果第一个到了学校。

判断方法：把句子翻译成中文，“为了”还是”以至于”？

四、目的状语从句和不定式的互换

在英语中，so that从句可以简化为to do / in order to do不定式结构，意思不变。

so that → to do

I study hard so that I can get good grades. = I study hard to get good grades.

so that → in order to do（更强调目的）

He works hard so that he can buy a new bike. = He works hard in order to buy a new bike.

不定式结构更简洁

对于小学生来说，“to+动词原形”是最简单的目的表达方式，也是最早接触的。

I go to the library to read books. 我去图书馆看书。

She does her homework to get good grades. 她做作业是为了取得好成绩。

写作建议：在考试写作中，简单用to do，进阶用so that。两个都正确，但用so that能让句子更复杂、得分更高。

五、目的状语从句的否定形式

如果想表达”为了不……”，用so that…won’t/wouldn’t或in order not to。

so that…won’t/wouldn’t

Please speak quietly so that you won’t wake the baby. 请说小点声，这样就不会吵醒宝宝了。

in order not to

He tiptoed in order not to wake anyone up. 他踮着脚走路，为了不吵醒任何人。

六、lest——古语体”以免”

还有一个词lest，意思是”以免”，后面跟should + 动词原形。

He ran fast lest he should be late.

这个用法在小学阶段只需要了解，在课外阅读中偶尔会遇到，极少在考试中考查。不过在经典文学作品中很常见。

七、练习题

练习1：用so that连接句子

1. He turns on the light. He can see better.

→ He turns on the light so that he can see better.

2. She saves money. She can buy a gift for her mom.

→ She saves money so that she can buy a gift for her mom.

3. They speak English. They can practice more.

→ They speak English so that they can practice more.

练习2：选择so that或so…that

1. He was ______ tired ______ he fell asleep on the bus. (so…that / so that)
2. She studies hard ______ she can go to a good school. (so…that / so that)
3. The music is ______ loud ______ I can’t hear you. (so…that / so that)
4. I put on my coat ______ I won’t feel cold. (so…that / so that)

答案与解析：

1. so…that — “太累了以至于睡着了”，表结果
2. so that — “为了能上好学校”，表目的（有can）
3. so…that — “太大声了以至于听不见”，表结果
4. so that — “为了不冷”，表目的

练习3：将下列so that从句改为不定式

1. He studies hard so that he can get good grades.

→ He studies hard to get good grades.

2. She calls her mom so that she can say good night.

→ She calls her mom to say good night.

八、目的状语从句在写作中的运用

简单写：

I go to the park. I want to play football.

用to do：

I go to the park to play football.

用so that（更精準）：

I go to the park so that I can play football with my friends.

建议孩子写英语小作文时，至少尝试用一次so that来表达目的。刚开始可以先从模仿开始，慢慢就能灵活运用了。

胡老师的总结

目的状语从句并不难，核心就一点：用一句”为了……”把两个动作连接起来。

给家长的建议：

1. 孩子说中文，陪他译成英语：孩子说”我吃饭为了长高”，就引导他说”I eat food so that I can grow tall”。

2. 重点区分so that和so…that：一个是”为了”（目的），一个是”以至于”（结果），花5分钟把这个搞明白，考试就多拿2分。

3. 不要苛求完美：小学阶段孩子至少能用to do表达目的就达标了，so that是进阶目标，慢慢来。