天津小学生英语疑问句专项训练——一般疑问句和特殊疑问句全攻略

英语疑问句是小学阶段的基础语法重点!宇嘉教育系统梳理一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句的构成方法,附大量练习题和解题技巧。

“你会用英语提问吗?”

想象一下:你的孩子在国外旅游,想问问”地铁站在哪里”?想问问”这个多少钱”?想问”你叫什么名字”?

如果不会正确地提问,交流就会卡住。

英语疑问句是小学一二三年级的基础重点,也是很多孩子学习的难点。宇嘉教育的胡老师发现,很多孩子之所以在英语疑问句上反复出错,根本原因在于:中文的疑问句和英语的疑问句结构完全不同

中文疑问句的特点是”加个’吗’就行”,而英语疑问句需要改变句子结构。


一、三大类疑问句概览

类型特点回答方式例句
一般疑问句用Yes/No回答Yes/NoIs this your book?
特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词开头具体回答What is your name?
选择疑问句提供两个选项二选一Is it red or blue?

二、一般疑问句——“是或否”的提问

一般疑问句(Yes/No Question)是最简单的疑问句类型,回答只用”Yes”或”No”。

构成方法

核心规则把be动词或助动词提到主语前面

规则1:句中有be动词(am/is/are/was/were)

陈述句:You are a student. 疑问句Are you a student?

陈述句:It is sunny today. 疑问句Is it sunny today?

规则2:句中有情态动词(can/may/must/should)

陈述句:You can swim. 疑问句Can you swim?

规则3:句中只有实义动词(没有be动词/情态动词)

这种情况需要引入助动词do/does/did:

陈述句:You like apples. 疑问句Do you like apples?

陈述句:She gets up early. 疑问句Does she get up early? (注意:does出现后,实义动词变回原形)

陈述句:He went to school yesterday. 疑问句Did he go to school yesterday? (注意:did出现后,went变回原形go)

一般疑问句的”三步法”

第一步:判断句中有无be动词/情态动词

第二步:把主语放在be动词/情态动词/助动词后面

第三步:动词变回原形(如果引入了does/did)

练习:把下列句子变成一般疑问句:

  1. They are teachers. → _______
  2. He can play the piano. → _______
  3. She reads books every day. → _______
  4. I went to Beijing last year. → _______

答案

  1. Are they teachers?
  2. Can he play the piano?
  3. Does she read books every day?
  4. Did you go to Beijing last year?

三、特殊疑问句——“具体信息”的提问

特殊疑问句(Wh-question)用于询问具体信息,以特殊疑问词开头。

小学阶段必备的疑问词

疑问词用法例句中文
What问事物、动作What is this?这是什么?
Who问人Who is she?她是谁?
Where问地点Where is my pen?我的笔在哪?
When问时间When do you get up?你什么时候起床?
Why问原因Why are you happy?你为什么开心?
How问方式/程度How are you?你好吗?
How many问可数数量How many books?多少本书?
How much问价格/不可数数量How much is it?多少钱?
What time问具体时间What time is it?几点了?
What color问颜色What color is it?什么颜色?

特殊疑问句的构成

特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序

What + is your name? Where + do you live? How + old are you?

注意

Who is in the classroom?(谁在教室里?) What happened?(发生了什么?)


四、选择疑问句——“二选一”的提问

选择疑问句(Alternative Question)给出两个选项,让对方选择。

结构:一般疑问句 + or + 另一个选项

Is it red or blue? Do you like apples or bananas? Are you a teacher or a student?

注意:回答时不能用Yes/No,必须明确选择:

A: Is it red or blue? B: It’s blue.


五、否定疑问句——“难道不”的提问

在一般疑问句的基础上加入否定形式:

Isn’t it beautiful?(难道不美吗?) Don’t you like ice-cream?(难道你不喜欢冰淇淋吗?)

小学阶段对这个的要求不高,了解即可。


六、疑问句回答全攻略

一般疑问句的回答

问句肯定回答否定回答
Is he a doctor?Yes, he is.No, he isn’t.
Can you swim?Yes, I can.No, I can’t.
Do you like cats?Yes, I do.No, I don’t.
Does she run fast?Yes, she does.No, she doesn’t.
Did you see him?Yes, I did.No, I didn’t.

关键规则:回答中要重复问句中的be动词/助动词/情态动词。

特殊疑问句的回答

问什么答什么

问句回答
What is your name?My name is Tom.
Where is my pen?It’s on the desk.
When do you get up?I get up at 7:00.

七、常考题型与解题技巧

题型1:选择疑问词

_______ is your birthday? — It’s in June. A. When B. Where C. What

技巧:看回答——回答是”六月”(时间),所以选A(When)。

题型2:填入be动词/助动词

_______ you like swimming? A. Are B. Do C. Is

技巧:like是实义动词,没有be动词,所以用Do。选B。

题型3:对画线部分提问

My birthday is in June. → _______ is your birthday?

技巧

  1. 看画线部分——“in June”是时间
  2. 选对应的疑问词——When
  3. 根据句子时态确定语序——be动词is提前
  4. 答案:When is your birthday?

八、搭配练习

练习1:选择正确的疑问词

  1. _______ is that girl? — She is my sister.
  2. _______ is your favorite color? — Blue.
  3. _______ do you go to school? — By bus.
  4. _______ is the school? — It’s near the park.

答案:1. Who 2. What 3. How 4. Where

练习2:变一般疑问句

  1. She is a teacher. → _______ she a teacher?
  2. They can speak English. → _______ they speak English?
  3. He likes apples. → _______ he like apples?

答案:1. Is 2. Can 3. Does

练习3:对画线部分提问

  1. My name is Tom. → _______ is your name?
  2. I get up at 6:30. → _______ do you get up?
  3. She is ten years old. → _______ is she?

答案:1. What 2. What time / When 3. How old


九、胡老师的五句总结

  1. 一般疑问句:be/助/情 → 提到句首
  2. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序
  3. 回答技巧:Yes/No问答要重复be/助/情
  4. do/does/did:有这三个词出现,动词要用原形
  5. 选疑问词:看回答内容选对应的疑问词

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