天津小学生英语写作常见语法错误纠正-20个最易犯的写作语言错误

精选天津小学生英语作文中最常见的20个语法错误,包含错误示例、正确写法和修改原因,配合改错练习和写作自查清单,帮助孩子养成正确的写作习惯。

一、为什么孩子”说没问题,一写就错”?

在天津各小学英语老师的反馈中,有一个非常普遍的现象:孩子口语表达时可以连蒙带猜地说出正确的句子,但一旦拿起笔来写作,各种错误就”原形毕露”。

口语和写作最大的区别在于——写作需要精准。口语中说错了可以马上纠正、可以比划、可以用语气来辅助,但写作只能靠一个个单词和标点来传达意思。

胡老师说:在宇嘉教育,我们分析过数百篇天津小学生英语作文,发现80%的语法错误都集中在20个”顽固错误”上。只要把这20个错误逐个攻克,孩子的作文质量就能提升一个档次。

二、20个最易犯的写作错误

错误1:she/he / his/her 混淆

典型错误

Her is my sister.” / “His is my father.”

正确写法

She is my sister.” / “He is my father.”

另一个常见混淆

❌ “Tom likes her dog.”(her表示”他/her”——要看他/她) ✅ “Tom likes his dog.”(Tom是男孩→用his)

纠正方法:教孩子三张卡片:

错误2:a和an不分

典型错误

a apple” / “an dog”

正确写法

an apple” / “a dog”

规则

特别提醒

a university(因为university以辅音/juː/开头) an hour(因为hour以元音/aʊər/开头) a house(因为house以辅音/h/开头)

纠正方法:不是看”字母”,而是看”读音”!可以教孩子——a/an其实是在”帮单词好读一点”。

错误3:忘记动词加s/es(第三人称单数)

典型错误

“He go to school by bus.”

正确写法

“He goes to school by bus.”

检查清单

提示:用”人物检查法”——写句子后先看主语,如果是第三人称单数,就检查动词有没有加s。

错误4:忘记过去式变化

典型错误

“Yesterday I play football with my friends.” “I go to the park last Sunday.”

正确写法

“Yesterday I played football with my friends.” “I went to the park last Sunday.”

常见不规则过去式(天津常考):

go → went have → had do → did see → saw eat → ate buy → bought make → made say → said get → got come → came

错误5:be动词和实义动词同时出现

典型错误

“I am like apples.” “She is has a cat.”

正确写法

“I like apples.” / “I am a student.” “She has a cat.” / “She is happy.”

规则:be动词(am/is/are/was/were)和实义动词(like/have/go/play等)不能同时做谓语。

纠正方法:一个谓语 = 要么be动词 + 名词/形容词,要么实义动词。不能两个都用。

错误6:名词复数忘记加s

典型错误

“I have two dog.” “There are many book on the desk.”

正确写法

“I have two dogs.” “There are many books on the desk.”

注意不规则复数

child → children foot → feet tooth → teeth mouse → mice man → men woman → women sheep → sheep(不变) fish → fish(不变)

错误7:there be和have的混淆

典型错误

“There have a book on the desk.”

正确写法

“There is a book on the desk.”

规则

记忆口诀“there be表存在,have表拥有”

错误8:形容词和副词混用

典型错误

“She runs quick.”(应该用副词) “I feel well about the exam.”(well是副词,这里要用形容词good)

正确写法

“She runs quickly.” “I feel good about the exam.”

最简单的规则

错误9:and和but使用不当

典型错误

“I like apples but bananas.”(不对) “She is tired, and she keeps working.”(逻辑不对)

正确写法

“I like apples and bananas.” “She is tired, but she keeps working.”

区分

错误10:my和mine分不清

典型错误

“This book is my.” / “This is mine book.”

正确写法

“This is my book.” / “This book is mine.”

规则

类似词

your / yours, his / his(一样), her / hers, our / ours, their / theirs

错误11:some和any用错

典型错误

“Do you have some water?”(没错误,这是”请求”句式) “I don’t have any apples.”(正确) “I have any apples.”(错误)

规则

例句

I have some apples. ✅(肯定句用some) I don’t have any apples. ✅(否定句用any) Do you have any apples? ✅(疑问句用any) Would you like some tea? ✅(建议/请求用some)

错误12:this/that/these/those混用

典型错误

This are my friends.” / “These is my pen.”

正确写法

These are my friends.” / “This is my pen.”

规则

单数复数
近处this…isthese…are
远处that…isthose…are

错误13:冠词缺失

典型错误

“I have cat.” / “She goes to school by bus.”

正确写法

“I have a cat.” / “She goes to school by bus.”

规则

错误14:介词缺失或多余

典型错误

“I go to home.”(to多余) “I arrived at Beijing.”(at→in,但小学阶段arrive in/at都学)

常见正确的固定用法

go to school ✅ go home ✅(不加to) get up ✅(固定搭配) listen to ✅(不能只写listen me!)

错误15:疑问句语序错误

典型错误

“Where you are from?” “What he likes?”

正确写法

“Where are you from?” “What does he like?”

检查方法:特殊疑问句 = 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序。

错误16:所有格表示混乱

典型错误

“Toms book” / “The book of Tom”

正确写法

“Tom**‘s** book” / “The book in Tom’s hand”

规则

错误17:too和very的混淆

典型错误

“This box is too heavy. I can carry it.”(矛盾了)

正确写法

“This box is very heavy. I can carry it.” “This box is too heavy. I can’t carry it.”

区分

错误18:can, must, should后面加to

典型错误

“I can to swim.” “You must to be quiet.”

正确写法

“I can swim.” “You must be quiet.”

规则:情态动词(can/must/should/may等)后面直接加动词原形,不加to

错误19:don’t和doesn’t和didn’t选择

典型错误

“She don’t like apples.” “He doesn’t went to school.”

正确写法

“She doesn’t like apples.” “He didn’t go to school.”

规则

错误20:中文直译

典型错误

“My school has many trees.”(直接翻译”我的学校有很多树”——但英语中”地点不能拥有”是用there be)

更好

There are many trees in my school.”

另一个例子

❌ “I very like it.” ✅ “I like it very much.”

纠正方法:写句子的时候避免”先想中文再翻译”,尝试直接用英语想、直接写。

三、作文自查清单(让孩子写完作文后对照检查)

写作完成后,让孩子按这个清单逐一检查:

基本检查

动词检查

名词检查

词汇检查

四、天津各区作文纠错真题

真题1(和平区五年级期末)— 请找出并改正错误:

Last weekend, my family and I go to the park. We have a great time. I see a lot of flower there. They is beautiful.

答案:go→went, have→had, see→saw, flower→flowers, is→were

真题2(河西区六年级)— 用正确的形式填空:

Tom ____ (like) playing football. He ____ (play) with his friends every Sunday. They ____ (have) a lot of fun.

答案:likes, plays, have

五、家庭训练方法

每日一句”改错”练习

每天给孩子1个错误的句子,让他们找出问题并改正:

Day 1: She go to school every day.(→ goes) Day 2: I have three book.(→ books) Day 3: He can to swim.(→ can swim) Day 4: There have a pen on the desk.(→ There is) Day 5: This are my parents.(→ These are)

作文”对照修改法”

孩子的作文写完后,不急着让其重写,而是和孩子一起对照”检查清单”逐条检查。每发现一个问题,就和孩子讨论”为什么是错的”以及”怎么改”。

六、给家长的建议

胡老师说:纠错时切记——不要一次指出所有错误。孩子的写作自信比语法正确更重要。每次挑出1-2个最重要的错误讲清楚,其他的先放过。等孩子慢慢进步了,再逐步提高要求。

三个阶段循序渐进的纠错策略

  1. 第一阶段(写作初期):只关注内容是否完整、句子是否通顺
  2. 第二阶段(2-3个月):重点纠正主谓一致、时态、单复数
  3. 第三阶段(4-6个月):全面检查语法、词汇、标点

英语写作能力的提升是一个”慢功夫”。但只要方法正确,坚持训练,每个孩子都能写出语法正确的英语短文。

宇嘉教育的作文班经过12周系统训练,能够帮助孩子写作中的语法错误减少70%以上。了解更多课程信息,欢迎联系宇嘉教育胡老师团队。

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